Oil used in cooking foods is commonly derived from vegetables. Cooking oil is commonly used for frying and oil used for frying is usually thrown away. The recycling of cooking oil also provides a form of revenue for restaurants, which are sometimes compensated by cooking …
Motivation: Recent technological promotions in the field of genomics have resulted in Following Generation DNA Sequencing Technologies. These engineerings have created ballyhoo among scientists since they enable inexpensive and faster sequencing of the DNA as compared to traditional methods. Data Analysis, Genome sequencing and alliances …
Abstract From seeing all of my results and conclusion I now see that I didn’t understand this lab very well and that its not easy when others try to help. Since I have hard water it tells me that my water flows over and through …
Introduction Throughout my essay I am going the explore the reasons in which the Vikings and Normans invaded England; and if there reasons were comparable. I will then investigate the Bayeux Tapestry and the techniques used to invade England. Then to conclude come to a …
Discussion The objective of the experiment is to use the capillary rise method to determine the surface tension of the working solution – in this case, the increasing concentrations of n-butanol solution. In a solution, molecules experience intermolecular forces with each other. However, the molecules …
The anthropogenetic CO2 emanations and planetary heating has alarmed worldly to happen new and better ways to run into the energy demand while cut downing the GHGs. Pakistan is besides badly affected by energy crisis and environmental jobs. Pakistan brick kilns are one of the …
Overview Carbon – The Backbone of Biological Molecules Although cells are 70–95% water, the rest consists mostly of carbon-based compounds. Carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules. Carbon accounts for the diversity of biological molecules and has made possible …
The term thermal expansion refers to the increase in size of an object as that object is heated. With relatively few exceptions, all objects expand when they are heated and contract when they are cooled. Perhaps the most important exception to this rule is water. …
1 COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION IN CHEMISTRY IN RELATION TO LEARNERS’ PERSONALITY Dr. R. Sivakumar Abstract The aim of this study was to find out the effectiveness of Computer Assisted Instruction in Teaching Chemistry In Relation To Learners’ Personality. The sample consisted of 40 students in …
Rebekah Worley February 21, 2012 Mitchell Section 4 Biol 311 Staining and Identifying Unknown Bacteria Introduction: The microbiology lab up to this point has been used to teach the students how to stain and identify bacteria. There are several types of staining through which the …
This investigation will investigate the Curiosity rover and how the Application and Limitation aspect of SHE influences it. The Curiosity Rover is a robot made by NASA and was sent to Mars to explore the crater, Gale, on Mars. The rover was designed and developed …
Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization Introduction Evaporation is the process of a liquid becoming vaporized. When a liquid is placed into a confined space some of the liquids will evaporate. Evaporation of the liquid depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces that are …
Polyester fibers, the synthetic fibers, are long chain polymers derived from coal, air, water, and petroleum. They are formed through chemical reaction between an acid and alcohol. In this reaction, two or more molecules combine to make a large molecule whose structure repeats throughout its …
Analysis of Oxygen bearing Organic compounds Abstract The Unknown sample in the experiment can be tested to yield results such as 1° (primary), 2° (secondary), 3° (tertiary) alcohols. Tests such as the dichromate test, Tollen’s test, Lucas test, DNPH test and iodoform test would be …
Introduction Staining is a technique that is used to diagnose or study the morphology of abnormal cells such as cancerous cells by highlighting the structural components of a tissue (Bancroft and Gamble, 2008). Staining provides a contrast between different structures in a tissue specimen and …
DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells Materials Water, Clear Dish Soap, Table Salt, Spoilsport Alcohol (70%) or Ethanol, Food Coloring To 200 MI drinking water add two teaspoons of salt Gargle the salt water for 1 minute. Spit the gargled water into a beaker (or new …
In terms of market potential, Japan is a significant market for prestige cosmetics next to the United States. This market is clearly critical for P&G’s strategic expansion plans in Asia given that the company’s Max Factor brand has barely cracked the $10 billion Japanese beauty …
Henrietta Koramoah What I learned-Poison Gas used in World War I I learned a lot about World War I and a lot about poison gas during this assignment. First I learned that poison gas was used as an accessory that killed a lot of people. …
Experiment 2: Isolation of Eugenol from Cloves Background; Readings on Vapor pressure, Raoult’s Law from TRO: A mixture of the essential oils, eugenol and acetyleugenol, will be steam distilled from cloves. These compounds are isolated from aqueous distillate by extraction into dichloromethane. The dichloromethane solution …
Modern vehicles with constituents made of aluminum can be 24 % lighter than one with steel, which besides allows fuel ingestion to be reduced by 2 liters per 100 kilometers. Besides the above mentioned facts, aluminum is besides corrosion opposition (Aluminium Leader 2011). Engineering applications …
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN INDIA Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere. The first law against air pollution was passed in 1873. Air pollution can …
Chromatography was used because of its powerful technique in separating mixtures. In this experiment the Chili pepper pigments was extracted using DCM, the extract was then introduced into the column and eluate was collected, a technique called column Chromatography. Using the Thin Layer Chromatography the …
Introduction Drinking water or potable water is water of sufficiently high quality that it can be consumed or used without risk of immediate or long term harm. In most developed countries, the water supplied to households, commerce and industry is all of drinking water standard, …
O Level Chemistry (5070) Frequently Asked Questions Can my candidates take a dictionary / calculator into the examination? Calculators can be used in all science papers and students should take a calculator, ruler, pencil, protractor and set of compasses into all science exams. Dictionaries are …
Qualitative Analysis Abstract. Qualitative Analysis helps to analyze the ionic compounds ( cations and anions) which are presented in a salt (solid and in a solution). The experimental procedures show the identity of the substance but not the amount of the present agents. Introduction. The …
Do the following problems in your lab notebook. Be sure to specify the knowns & unknowns, the formulas used, show your work with labeled units and round you’re answers to the appropriate significant figures. 15-1 Molarity Problems: (M = moles/ liter ) 1. What is …
Aspect 1:Problem: What is the molar enthalpy of formation of magnesium oxide? Variables: Manipulated: None Responding: None Controlled: Isolation of calorimeter, concentrations of substances involved. Aspect 2: Background Information: Assumptions: Specific heat capacity of water, we assume that the acid has the same qualities as …
The Physics of an MRI Machine. Whitney Wright PH106/006 Dr. Probst 06/05/2012 The Physics of an MRI Machine There are many physical concepts used in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging, also known as MRI, machine. There are many physical concepts used when an MRI is taken …
Design Experiment: Enzyme Inhibitors. Research question: What is the effect of adding lead nitrate solution on the activity of amylase enzyme? Aim: To test the effect of adding nitrate solution on the activity of amylase. Background Information: Inhibitors are molecules which repress or prevent another …
Lab Report Procedure 6. 1: Perform Benedict’s test for reducing sugars. Introduction: Benedict’s tests allows for the detection of the presence of reducing sugars. All monosaccharides are reducing sugars since all of them have active carbonyl group. Some disaccharides that are exposed to a carbonyl …
Conjugation
The word "conjugation" is derived from a Latin word that means "to link together". In organic chemistry terms, it is used to describe the situation that occurs when π systems (e.g. double bonds) are "linked together". An "isolated" π (pi) system exists only between a single pair of adjacent atoms (e.g. C=C)
Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the energy associated with objects in motion. Potential energy is the type of energy associated with an object's potential to do work. Chemical energy is the type of energy released from the breakdown of chemical bonds and can be harnessed for metabolic processes.
Physics
Chemical physics is concerned with the application of the concepts and theories of physics to the analysis of chemical systems and their physical behaviour. While also at the interface between physics and chemistry, it is distinct from physical chemistry.
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