Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Name: Anna Teacher: Taliasin Subject: writing Date: March 22th 2013 Reseach Essay: Plastic Surgery Plastic surgery Plastic surgery is a medical specialty concerned with the correction or restoration of form and function. Though cosmetic or aesthetic surgery is the best-known kind of plastic surgery, most plastic surgery is not cosmetic; plastic surgery includes many types of reconstructive surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. (Kita) There are two types of plastic surgery: cosmetic plastic surgery and reconstructive plastic surgery.

Reconstructive plastic surgery is performed to correct functional impairments caused by burns; traumatic injuries, such as facial bone fractures and breaks; congenital abnormalities, such as cleft palates or cleft lips; developmental abnormalities; infection and disease; and cancer or tumors. Reconstructive plastic surgery is usually performed to improve function, but it may be done to approximate a normal appearance. Cosmetic surgery involves techniques intend for the enhancement of appearance through surgical and medical techniques.

It is specifically concerned with maintaining normal appearance, restoring it, or enhancing it beyond the average level toward some aesthetic ideal. Some common reconstructive surgical procedures include breast reconstruction after a mastectomy, cleft lip and palate surgery, contracture surgery for burn survivors, and creating a new outer ear when one is congenitally absent. The most common reconstructive procedures are tumor removal, laceration repair, scar repair, hand surgery, and breast reduction plasty. Wikipedia) There are many types of cosmetic surgery, such as Tummy tuck, Eyelid surgery, Mammoplasty, Lower-body lift, Chemical peel, Labiaplasty, Nose job, Ear surgery, Facelift, Liposuction, Brow lift, Chin augmentation, Cheek augmentation, Cheek lift, Collagen injections and Fat injections, etc. (Nordqvist) And double eyelid surgery is the simplest cosmetic surgery. In Asia, may be a lot of people think that Koreans are the group of people who are most interested in cosmetic surgery. But this idea should be changed because there is data shows that cosmetic surgery in other countries is also very popular, especially in China and India.

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A few years ago, the international Cosmetic Plastic Surgery Association investigated the quantity of surgery and non-operative procedure face-lifting of 25 countries; the data include the 75% of the total global plastic surgery. The data shows, the plastic surgery number in America occupied 17. 5% of the total; Brazil is the second; and China's the third, occupied 12. 7% of the total; India followed it at fourth. It is important to note that Korea is famous for plastic surgery, but it is arranged at the seventh. Instead, China is the most popular country in cosmetic surgery.

According to the article “Nip and tuck; cosmetic surgery”, China performs more cosmetic surgery than any country except America and Brazil. It is worth $2. 4 billion. At least 1. 3m licensed procedures were carried out in 2010 in China. ((US))The development of cosmetic surgery is really rapidly because China is growing wealth and beauty is deemed an advantage in many competitive workplaces. People looking for a job have to submit a photograph with their application. People's Ninth Hospital is the busiest hospital for cosmetic surgery in Shanghai.

There were 50,000 cosmetic operations in 2011, a 50% increase in five years. Most patients are 20s age. The three most common procedures they required are double eyelid surgery, liposuction and nose jobs. People who want to have plastic surgery need to assume risk because sometimes plastic surgery may fail and have serious consequences. Some people have a failing plastic surgery and spend more money to remedy it, but at last they still became disabled. A Chinese star who named Wang Bei has died because of cosmetic surgery.

She wanted to have a facial bone grinding operation, but when she was having the surgery, the blood flow into her weasand. Although she was rescued as much as possible, she still died at last. This created a great sensation to the society. Tong Xiao is a 21-year-old student in the city of Hangzhou who deeply regrets her nose job. She spent 3,500 yuan to make her nose bigger by using silica gel before she went to university. But she soon felt uneasy about the cheap gel. A year later, she stole 10,000 yuan from her father to replace the gel with a material similar to Gore-Tex.

Unfortunately, the second surgery failed. Ten months later her nose was too painful to touch. She had to keep telling herself that this is the price of beauty. There is some detailed information on the disadvantages of plastic surgery, such as complications, possibility of physical disability and addiction. (Disadvantages Of Plastic Surgery) One of the most obvious shortcomings of plastic surgery is the risk of complications. Our body is sensitive, if something goes wrong during or after the plastic surgery, it will result in an infection or illness.

We also shouldn’t ignore the possibility of physical disability. If you become disabled, you will feel more painful than remaining your original appearance. In addition, some people may be addicted in plastic surgery. They look forward to change more parts of their body after they did it once successfully. However, since plastic surgery is so popular, it must have the advantages can attract people a lot. First of all, a beautiful appearance can improve one’s chances in the job market and help one’s career.

Let us assume, some jobs related to public relations, mass media or other things require pleasant appearances, which may represent the image of the department or group, like airline stewardess and Miss Sales. In the second place, plastic surgery helps people gain confidence which makes them have more courage to do many things and enhance the probability of success. Because many people lack confidence for they don’t have good looks. Thirdly, with the development of technology and medical science, the risks and costs of plastic surgery can be minimized.

And people won’t pay so much money to become more beautiful. Nowadays, public opinion for the cosmetic surgery has many different views. According to the survey analysis, the public opinion about cosmetic surgery can be classified into three types: one is support by action; the second is that people understand it but won’t do it themselves; the third is disagreeing with cosmetic surgery. The development of science and technology and change of notion of people respectively make cosmetic surgery more popular. Cosmetic surgery is wonderful and magical by using the technology and science to some extent.

Some people choose cosmetic surgery because a beautiful appearance is their choice of purpose. Some people choose cosmetic surgery due to inborn or accident disfigurement of body. A few people choose cosmetic surgery in order to look like their idol. Person who understands it but won’t do it themselves because people’s education and concept are changing as time goes by. So, most people accept this phenomenon calmly. They would not do it for the investigation of surgery and the damage of body. People who disagree with it because they think cosmetic surgery is really harmful for body.

A person's appearance cannot represent his behavior, people’s inner is more important than his appearance. In my opinion, it depends on different conditions. Only people themselves can decide if plastic surgery is right for them. Meanwhile, they should know much information and think deliberately before they make a decision. In addition, having plastic surgery does not necessarily mean neglecting inner beauty. It is understood that some companies would not hire a person only with an appealing appearance but without enough capability.

Real beauty is a combination of external and internal beauty. It includes excellence behavior, character and education. Therefore, we should have confidence and be positive. Work cited BIBLIOGRAPHY (US), The Economist. "Nip and tuck; cosmetic surgery. " 12 May 2012. http://0-go. galegroup. com. ilsprod. lib. neu. edu/ps/infomark. do? sPage=52;userGroupName=mlin_b_northest;prodId=PROF;searchType=AdvancedSearchForm;queryId=Locale%28en%2CUS%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28sn%2C9%290013-0613%3AAnd%3AFQE%3D%28vo%2C3%29403%3AAnd%3AFQE%3D%28sp%2C. Disadvantages Of Plastic Surgery. " n. d. http://lifestyle. iloveindia. com/lounge/disadvantages-of-plastic-surgery-5535. html. Kita, Natalie. "What is Plastic Surgery? " 10 March 2009. http://plasticsurgery. about. com/od/historyofplasticsurgery/a/what_is_PS. htm. NordqvistChristian. “What Is Cosmetic Surgery? What Is Plastic Surgery? ” 2009 ? Jun? 30 ?. http://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/155757. php. Wikipedia. "Reconstructive surgery. " 27 February 2013. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Reconstructive_surgery.

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