Codes of Laws

Codes of laws After reading material chapter 1 of (Identifying and exploring security essentials) it says the following about the laws of where and when each law originated. The different laws include: The Code of Hammurabi, Draco’s law, Law of the Twelve Tables, Justinian Code, Magna Carta, and Statue of Westminster. The Babylonian Code of Hammurabi was developed by King Hammurabi in 1750 B. C. This Code had 282 clauses that regulated many issues that include different obligations and rights, to theft and debt. Barbaric punishments were used when the laws of this code were broken.

I think many people believe this Code is more of revenge toward the offender, rather than an appropriate punishment but some people also believe that revenge is the same thing as punishment. Draco’s Laws (621 BC) were the first laws written in Greece and introduced the notion that the state is to punish a person. Death was the penalty for many offenses which is why it is names after draconian; which describes an unusually harsh law. The laws of the twelve tables (450 BC) were written by ten Roman men to govern the Romans, which formed the foundation of modern public and private law.

There were originally ten laws and two statutes were added later. This organized a way so crime could be prosecuted publicly and victims could seek compensation. Roman law was that the law must be written; judges alone were not permitted to interpret alone. The Justinian Code (AD 529) was named after an Emperor of Byzantium, Justinian, whom codified a series of books called, “Corpus Juris Civilis”. He had an impact on modern concept of justice. This formed the foundation of civil law; one of the two main legal systems.

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Magna Carta was created by King John (1199-1216) in 1215 which was the high point of the Middle Ages. Magna Carta established English “Due Process”. There were 61 clauses; the most important is considered to be: “No freeman shall be captured or imprisoned…except by lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of his land”. Due Process became a foundation for the modern US justice system. Statute of Westminster (1285) was created in England by King Edward which forced citizens to become involved in crime prevention and apprehension.

There were 3 practical measures: (1) the watch and ward, (2) hue and cry, (3) assize of arms. Selected night watch men or bailiffs were put to maintain order and prevent crime according to the watch and ward. A hue and cry is by command of the constable to require every citizen to pursue a felon if a felony had been committed. To establish the hue and cry, assize of arms required all males between 15 and 60 to keep a weapon in their home. All of the laws that were created and set in the past have molded what our country has established today.

It has been set forth since the earliest of the laws that all men and women are created equally and if a crime is committed then there are definite consequences. Without the history of law, there would be no foundation, no reasoning. The need for private and public security is steadily increasing and crime and technology increase. The smarted we become, the more we endanger ourselves in a way. There will always be all types of crime, so protecting us all the way around is being proactive. References Clifford, M. (2004). Identifying and exploring security essentials. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

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