Essays on Hedy Lamarr

Lamarr's IQ has never been officially recorded. However, she was undoubtedly a very intelligent woman; she was a successful actress and also held a number of patents, including one for a frequency-hopping spread spectrum technology which is now used in modern wireless communications.

Hedy Lamarr was an actress and inventor who was born in Austria in 1913. She appeared in a number of films in the 1930s and 1940s, including the controversial film Ecstasy, in which she appeared nude. Lamarr was also known for her beauty, and she was once named the most beautiful woman in the world by Esquire magazine.In addition to her film career, Lamarr was also an inventor. She held a number of patents, including one for a frequency-hopping signal system that was intended to be used to prevent radio-controlled torpedoes from being jammed. The system was later adapted for use in cellular phones and other wireless communication devices.Lamarr was also an advocate for sexual liberation and women's rights. She was outspoken about her own experiences with sexism and sexual harassment in Hollywood, and she was a vocal supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment.

Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) is a method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly switching a carrier among many frequency channels, using a pseudorandom sequence known to both transmitter and receiver. It is used as a multiple access method in the unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (NII) band in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands; and also in mobile phone systems to combat multipath fading and interference.FHSS is a spread-spectrum technique, a method of transmitting radio signals in which the frequency of the carrier signal is varied according to a predetermined code, so that the signal appears to occupy a much wider bandwidth than the actual information being transmitted. The key advantage of FHSS over other spread-spectrum methods is that it is much more resistant to interference, since the signal is only present on a given frequency for a very short period of time.The original FHSS patent was filed in 1941 by actress Hedy Lamarr and composer George Antheil, although the concept of frequency-hopping had been proposed earlier by others. Lamarr and Antheil's design was intended to make it more difficult for enemy forces to jam radio-controlled torpedoes. However, the technology was not successfully implemented during World War II, and it was not until the 1960s that FHSS began to be used in military applications.Today, FHSS is used in a wide variety of wireless communication systems, including Bluetooth, WiFi, and Zigbee. It is also used in some cordless phones and wireless microphones.