Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar A Social Reformer Introduction “OURS IS A BATTLE FOR FREEDOM, OURS IS A BATTLE NOT JUST FOR ECONOMIC GAINS AND POLITICAL POWER, OURS IS A BATTLE FOR RECLAMATION OF HUMAN PERSONALITY WHICH HAS BEEN SUPPRESED AND MUTILATED BY THE HINDU SOCIAL ORDER AND CONTINUED TO BE SUPPRESED AND MUTILATED” These lines itself indicates that the speaker of these lines is a reformer, democratic leader and great orator. There have been a number of great people in the world who have dedicated themselves to struggle of emancifipation, uplift of the powerless victims of system in their countries.

Above lines are spoken by such a person who is a champion of human rights none other than Dr. B. R Ambedkar. He was a multi – dimensional personality. He was a great thinker, philosopher, true revolutionist, profolic writer and at the top a devoted reformer. Antonio Gramsci, a German philosopher hailed him as an “organic intellectual” his magnifier of 1940s. An Advocate Of Reform A reformer is one who wants a non violent revolution for a change in society, same was our Babasaheb. Not only for India he fought for the world, he fought for humanity.

Numerous authors, Indians as well as foreigner have described his contribution to the economic development and emancipation of Indian masses in different ways. One such author said – “Dr . B. R Ambedkar was a intellectual, a educationist, a thinker and advocate of humanism” Ambedkar as A Writer Even Ambedkar himself was a great and renowned writer. He wrote many books mostly on caste system. He wrote book “The Buddha and His Dhamma” which was published posthumously. He completed his final manuscript “The Buddha or Karl Marx” on December 2, 1956.

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His Donation for Future Students He was fond of reading books too. His library was one such proof that he donated to a college which is founded by him for students of Depressed Classes. Even today his books are becoming a reason behind the triumphs of students. Knowing the great value and importance of education in 1924, he founded an association called Bahiskrit Hitakarni Sabha. The main objectives of Sabha were; to promote and expand education among the depressed classes by opening hostels.

These hostels proved a boon for low caste students. Voice of Downtrodden According to him for a successful revolution it is not enough that there is discontent, what is required is profound and thorough conviction of justice. He even proved this in a very systematic way. Ambedkar efforts to eradicate the social evils like untouchablility and caste restrictions were remarkable. The leader, throughout his life fought for his rights of Dalits and other socially backward classes with his sword of a peaceful agitation.

One may love it or hate it but one has to accept and acknowledge the fact that Amberkarism has been a movement of assertion of downtrodden in the history of India in recent times. B. R Ambedkar has been a voice of downtrodden of our country and for their cause he has dedicated his whole life and worked. Dalits have placed Ambedkar at the top of the world and he is no more than god for them. He wrote extensively on the problems of caste, Muslims, minorities and women in India. He richly contributed towards construction of democratic independence. Ideas That Were Experience

The operation of caste , his views on women’s oppression, his reinterpretation of the role of monk prove him to a social reformer that warrant a close examination of his biography and his lion’s share to set a perfect platform for world ‘s biggest democracy country . His observation, attachment to the lower classes or any kind of incidents was not the reason behind his dalit movement. The reason was his own experience as a dalit. He was born in a Mahar family which is considered as untouchable caste. He spent his whole life fighting against system of untouchablility and caste system.

What He Was? Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891at Mhow a small town in princely state of Indore. He was the 14th child of father Ramji Sakpal and mother Bhimabai At a very tender age, he had to face humiliation and disgrace at the hands of upper caste Hindus when he started education in primary school. He was made to sit outside the classroom so that his presence did not pollute other students. Even if they needed to drink water, they (untouchables) were not allowed to touch the water or the vessel that was for high caste Hindus.

This task was usually performed for the young Ambedkar by school peon and if the peon was not available then he had to go without water Ambedkar status this situation as “No Peon No Water”. But at last overcoming numerous social and financial obstacles, Ambedkar became one of first Dalits to obtain a college education in India. Ambedkar was a very disciplined, sincere and intelligent student of the school; affected by his sincerity and punctuality his teacher Mahadev Ambedkar changed his sir name from Ambavadekar to Ambedkar.

That was the memorable day of all for the young Ambedkar. He knew that for every great step or we must say for accomplishment of every work Education plays the lead role. A Change Was Needed When he was at Sydenham College, Bombay in 1918. He found a Marathi newspaper “Mook Nayak” (Leader of Dump) to champion the cause of the untouchable. When he came back to India from London in 1923, he knew that nothing had change. His qualifications meant for nothing as far as the practice of untouchablility is concern – it was still an obstacle to his career.

In 1927 Babasaheb presided over a conference at Mahad in Kolapa District . There he said: It is time we rooted out of our minds the ideas of high and low, we can attain elevation only if we learn self –help and regain our self respect. Because of his experience of the humiliation and justice would not be granted by others. Those who suffer injustice must secure justice for themselves. A Peaceful War The peaceful agitation led by Dr. Ambedkar suffered through many attacks of high caste Hindus but throughout his last breath, agitation worked for the rights of untouchables.

At last the result was good as the Bombay Legislature had already passed a Bill allowing everyone to use public water tanks and well, but this was just a step, He want a religion that teaches liberty, equality and fraternity . He knew that Indian society especially Hindus is still a tribal society stooped in orthodoxy and superstitions, divided in thousands of casts and sub caste and it need a reform, a revolution. Caste and Morality According to Mr. Ambedkar, caste destroyed the concept of ethics and morality. The effect of cast on ethics of the Hindus is simply deplorable. Cast has destroyed the sense of public charity.

A Hindu‘s public is caste. His responsibility is to his caste. His loyalty is restricted only to his caste. Virtue has became caste bound. Independence comes with Babasaheb In 1930 a Round Table Conference was held by the British Government to decide the future of India. Babasaheb represented the untouchable, He said – “The Depressed classes of India also join in demand for replacing the British government by a government of the people and by the people. Ours wrong have not been righted all through 150 years of British rule rolled away. What good is such a government to anybody? These lines show that he was very much hopeful that the independence will be from both The Britishers and the Orthodox ideas and misbelieves. In the second conference, he demanded a separate electorate for depressed classes. He strongly believes that in Hinduism conscience, reason and independent thinking have no scope for development. British government agreed but Mahatma Gandhi saw it as a division between Harijan and Hindus, Gandhi ji felt that these small divisions will be a barrier in independence of a united India. At last this debate between Mahatma Gandhi and Ambedkar ends with a pact called Poona Pact.

According which certain number of seats were reserved for especially for backward and depressed classes. Framing Future Dr Ambedkar‘s legacy as a socio- political reformer, had a deep affect on modern India. His reputation as a scholar led to his appointment as free India’s Law minister and Chairman of the drafting committee of constitution. I think he was the right one who had all the qualification needed to draft constitution . Our Father of Constitution not only have the experience of lower class people(as per Hindu community) and the high classes of not only India but foreign too , he very well knows about their demands and needs.

These experiences he used to make all of us stand equal and liberal. He was called as a modern Manu who gave India a new and democratic regime, paying tribute to Dr Ambedkar for his tireless efforts in the constitutions another fellow Maharastrian said “I call this constitution the Mahar law because Dr. Ambedkar is a Mahar and now…we shall have the law of Manu replaced by the law of Mahar and I hope that unlike the law of Manu under which there were was never a prosperity in country, the Mahar law will make India virtually paradise” Dhamma Is Eternal

He is also credited for having sparkled the Dalit Buddhist movement . On October 14, 1956 Dr. Ambedkar organized a public ceremony to convert around five lakh of his supporters into Buddhism . Dr. Ambedkar travelled to Kathmandu to attend the 4th World Buddhist conference . He quote that the teachings of Buddha are eternal but even then Buddha did not proclaim them to be infallible . The religion of Buddha has capacity to change according to time, a quality which no other religion can claim to have. The Last Breath “I WILL NOT DIE AS A HINDU” He completed his vow by dying as a Buddhist.

Since 1954-55 Dr. Ambedkar was suffering from serious health problems including diabetes and week eye sight. On December 6, 1956 he died at his home in Delhi. A Buddhist style cremation was organized for him. The ceremony was attended by hundreds and thousands of supporters, activists and admires. After the death The day of 14th April is best remembered for the birth anniversary of this great reformer as Ambedkar Jayanti and it is a public holiday. Various Dalit organizations carry out huge processions on this day in the memory of the great soul.

On this day various organizations organize several activities including rally and cultural programs. “We Are Indians Firstly And Lastly” This well said by Babasaheb should be the disciple of all the citizens of India. As I earlier mentioned that the Ambedkar Jayanti is celebrated on 14th April every year. This year our Baba sahib completed his 122 years as a reformer. Yes! Your doubt is right 122 years how? He died 56 years ago. My answer may not be satisfying for you but it is right according to me. So, I want to say that he was alive, alive as his ideas, his contribution.

We are developing but our views are same. Those rotten social rules are same. So it means that the all liberty, freedom we have, is useless for us? The hard work of this reformer is wasted, No, the way of ours to use these is not right or at first we should analyze that how we are using these. “What are we having this liberty for? We are having this liberty in order to reform our social system, which is full of inequality, corruption and other things which conflict with our fundamental rights” By- Aparajita Srivastava Kendriya vidyalaya

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