Argumentative Essay on Cigarette Smoking

Cigarette Smoking Should be Banned

Cigarette smoking should be banned to decrease the health threats. Cigarette smoking is the inhalation of gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by slowly burning tobacco in cigarettes. The harmful substances found in cigarettes and cigars are the carbon monoxide, nicotine, and tar. Carbon monoxide is the gas that impairs the capacity of the blood to supply adequate amounts of oxygen to the vital organs of the body and is responsible for the shortness of breath among smokers.

Nicotine is the substance that creates dependence on tobacco and is responsible in raising blood pressure and heart rate. The tar is the brownish viscous substance found in smoke known to be a cancer-causing agent. Cigarette smoking is a major cause of preventable diseases and premature death. Smoking has been associated with lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Taking in a lot of these chemicals harms your body in severe ways. You will have incurable diseases and suffer from it. Most of the smokers know that already, they just can’t quit yet because of its addicting content.

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Secondhand Smoke

But, they do need to be aware that cigarette smoking causes harm not only to the smoker but also to the people around him. It has been an increasing concern about the effects of the smoking habits of a family member to other members of the family. Secondhand smoke also known as passive smoke, “is a mixture of 2 forms of smoke that comes from burning tobacco: Sidestream smoke (smoke that comes from the lighted end of a cigarette and mainstream smoke (smoke exhaled by a smoker)” (“Secondhand smoke,” 2011). It is passive smoking when non-smokers are exposed to secondhand smoke (“Secondhand smoke,” 2011)..

When they inhale secondhand smoke, they take in nicotine and other chemicals just like the smokers do (“Secondhand smoke,” 2011). According to the quittersguide, “secondhand smoke immediately affects the heart and blood circulation, and over time it causes heart disease and lung cancer” (quittersguide, 2008). Smoking is mostly caused by the sociocultural factor. They smoke because they need to fit in with their social group who smoke (Cortes, 2011). It is because some think when you are smoking cigarettes, you would look cool. For teens, they smoke because they want to attain adult status (Cortes, 1998).

Some teens think that if you smoke cigarettes, you would look mature because normally, adults smoke but now even teens do it. Sometimes, they learn how to smoke because of curiosity. A Youth Tobacco Survey by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Philippine Chapter has been conducted among grade school and high school students in Metro Manila. Dr. Lopez said that “the DOH survey found that an estimated 42 per cent students have tried smoking cigarettes, with 15 per cent admitting they smoked their first stick before reaching the age of 10. Twenty-two per cent, practically the same as the ACCP survey s 18. per cent, admitted to being current smokers. ” (“Cigarette smoking among teens is high,” 2006).

In addition to that the DOH also found out that exposure to cigarette smoking in the environment is very high with 60 per cent of parents of the respondents smoking at home. Peer influence also came up with 3 out of 4 students reported that their friends smoke in their presence (“Cigarette smoking among teens is high,” 2006). Ye (2001) stated, "The tobacco or cigarette is the most substantial and successful economic enterprises " (p. 1). It provides jobs and gains taxes for the government (Ye, 2001).

Cigarette production greatly helps the country's economy as well as being an import and export material. However, effects of cigarette smoking turned bad. According to Bihari (2007), It was 1950 when the first major evidence that links cigarette smoking to serious studies by Doll and Hill (1950) and Wynder and Graham (1950). In July 1954, Reader's Digest published a lead article (Miller & Monahan, 1954) that exposes the health hazards of smoking by linking smoking and lung cancer (Bihari, 2007). The results were a drastic decline on cigarette consumption per head (Bihari, 2007).

Cigarette Consumption Rose

By 1955, cigarette consumption rose again. Although there have been an increasing number of medical studies linking smoking to serious diseases such as cancer and respiratory diseases, the government began to consider measure to control smoking (Bihari, 2007). Smoking is a major factor in heart diseases and “seems to be the most common factor in an environment which leads to heart attack” (Andrada, 1993). Even though the government was largely swayed by the tobacco lobby, they began to take action because of the pressures from anti-smoking lobby and the growing concerns of concerned people (Bihari, 2007).

They have already put a ban on advertising cigarettes on television and other types of Medias (Mizrahy, 1998). Even from constant reminders from the media, the anti-smoking people and even the cigarette package has a warning, many people are still smoking. A member in the family who is a smoker immediately harms other members of the family. Children in particular are much more sensitive to secondhand smoke (“smoking and your family,” 2008). Risks of asthma, ear infection and lung diseases increases when they are exposed to secondhand smoke (“Smoking and your family,” 2008). Some of these problems can be serious and even life-threatening. Others may seem like small problems, but they add up quickly: think of the expenses, doctor visits, medicines, lost school time, and often lost work time for the parent who must take the child to the doctor” (Secondhand smoke, 2011) Some people when they smoke at home, they are aware that it is their body that they are destroying. However, they are not aware that it is not only them that are harmed, but also the other people around them especially their family (quittersguide, 2008).

According to Bantle and Haisken-DeNew (2002), “We find strong evidence, that parental smoking significantly increases the probability that their children likewise become smokers. Youths living in families with both parents smoking are 3. 3 times more likely to smoke themselves, while a smoking father raises the probability by the factor 2. 8 and a smoking mother by the factor 2. 1. ” It is also agreed by quittersguide (2008) that the children of smokers are most likely to be smokers but they will probably start in their teens which may make it difficult for them to quit.

When parents smoke, it is also most likely that the addiction will be passed from one member to another so that the whole family will be smokers. Tolerant attitudes of parent towards smoking creates higher smoking risks while parents who do not approve of smoking and “does not make it known are less likely to raise children who smoke”(OMalley, 2010). So, why won't we ban cigarette smoking and its production? It is because of production of this provides jobs and gains taxes for the government (Ye, 2001).

Moreover, some officials won’t permit to it because they work for the government and the government gains taxes from those who buy cigarettes. Additionally, if you ban cigarette production, circulation, buying and selling, addicted cigarette smokers will go crazy because cigarette contains nicotine which is addictive and relatively damages the brain so it will be hard to ban. But, even if it provides jobs and gains taxes for the government which is a good thing economically, the result of the product they produce harms and kills people even though the some of the people are not into smoking.

So, it would be a good thing to ban cigarettes and find a new source of income like those handmade stuff or they research about a new product to manufacture which will be a hit, at the same time not dangerous. The government has taken 17 years(1987) when the first bill on anti-smoking was introduced in the Philippines for it to be passed into law (Mercado, 2010). It should be clear that cigarette smoking should be banned in the Philippines because of the effects poses a great threat to the people. Fortunately, some voices were heard some provisions were made that smoking will be banned in public places (Tan, 2011).

And, what should be done is that smoking should be discouraged to the people. References: Bihari S, B. A. , M. S. W. , M. C. M. , M. S. A. E. (2007). History of government regulation on cigarette industry.

Literature Review Regarding Smoking Health And Social Care Essay

Harmonizing to Mackay and Eriksen ( 2002 ), planetary ingestion of coffin nails has been lifting steadily since manufactured coffin nails were introduced at the beginning of the twentieth century. While ingestion is leveling off and even diminishing in some states, worldwide more people are smoking, and tobacco users are smoking more coffin nails. The Number of tobacco users will increase chiefly due to the enlargement of the universe 's population. By 2030 there will be at least another 2 billion people in the universe. Even if prevalence rates fall, the absolute figure of tobacco users will increase. The expected go only lessening in male smoke prevalence will be offset by the addition in female smoke rates, particularly in developing states.

Harmonizing to Goddard ( 2008 ), the prevalence of coffin nail smoke in Great Britain fell well in the 1970s and the early 1980s, from 45 % in 1974 to 35 % in 1982. The rate of diminution so slowed, with prevalence falling by merely about one per centum point every two old ages until 1994, after which it leveled out at approximately 27 % before restarting a slow diminution in the 2000s. The overall diminution in smoking prevalence since the mid-1970s has been due to autumn in the proportions of both light tobacco users ( defined as fewer than 20 coffin nails per twenty-four hours ) and heavy tobacco users ( 20 coffin nails or more per twenty-four hours ). The proportion of all grownups smoking on mean 20 or more coffin nails twenty-four hours has fallen among workforces from 26 % in 1974 to 8 % in 2006 and from 13 % to 5 % of adult females over the same period.

Smoking Tendencies in Mexico

Meanwhile, smoking tendencies in Mexico show a decrease during the last decennary of the twentieth century in smoke exposure, day-to-day smoking prevalence, and smoke strength. This decrease has either been more intense or occurred entirely in workforces, depending on the analyzed index. Additionally, the most important decrease both in the prevalence of day-to-day active tobacco users and in smoking strength occurred in older age groups in both genders. Woman's, for their portion, during the latter portion of the analyzed period present a reversal in the downward tendency in these smoke index, and in 2002, day-to-day female tobacco users smoked a greater sum of coffin nails than workforces. Nevertheless, workforces still present a worse smoke state of affairs than adult females in footings of both prevalence of day-to-day tobacco users and per centum of day-to-day tobacco users.

Harmonizing to Shafey ( 2003 ), the wellness load from smoking is non merely increasing, but it is besides switching to low-income and middle-income states; whereas the prevalence of smoking continues to worsen in many Western markets, many Asiatic markets continue to turn. This is true particularly when the ingestion of baccy has reached the proportions of a planetary epidemic. Tobacco companies are zigzagging out coffin nails at the rate of five and a half trillion a twelvemonth - about 1,000 coffin nails for every adult male, adult female, and kid on the planet. Asia, Australia, and the Far East are by far the largest consumers ( 2,715 billion coffin nails ), followed by the Americas ( 745 billion ), Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Economies ( 631 billion ) and Western Europe.

National Health Morbidity Survey

Harmonizing to the National Health Morbidity Survey ( 1986 and 1996 ), the happening of smoking between Malaysian grownups has enlarged from 39 % to 49 %. National Health and Morbidity Survey ( 1996 ) states the prevalence of baccy usage is about 24.8 %: 49.2 % of workforces smoke, compared with merely 3.5 % of adult females. Meanwhile harmonizing to statistics in PROSTAR ( 2007 ), Malaysia had 3.6 million tobacco users in 2000 and this figure is expected to increase to 4.6 million by 2025. Although there are no precise national estimations of young person smoke in Malaysia, findings from several studies suggest youth smoke may be on the rise. However, harmonizing with Thambypilla; Naing et Al. ( 2004 ) and Ahmad et al. ( 1997 ), the tendencies in smoking among striplings have non changed much. Studies conducted in assorted vicinities showed that the prevalence of smoke among male young persons was between 17-36 % and 1-5 % among females in the same group.

Surprisingly, about one billion workforces in the universe smoke - approximately 35 % of workforces in developed states and 50 % of workforces in developing states. Tendencies in both developed and developing states show that male smoke rates have now peaked and, easy but certainly, are worsening. However, this is a highly slow tendency over decennaries, and in the interim workforces are deceasing in their 1000000s from baccy. In general, the educated adult male is giving up the won't foremost, so that smoke is going a won't of poorer, less educated males.

Reasons for Smoking

Harmonizing to Baker et Al. ( 2002 ), most tobacco users offer similar grounds for their smoke. Typically, they report that smoke is a habit-forming won't that they enjoy and that relieves stress. Most tobacco users besides see it as loosen up and utilize it as a header mechanism. The power of nicotine to provide good feelings and extenuate bad feelings is richly demonstrated. This is consistent with the research done by whereby people smoke to loosen up or alleviate their emphasis and to hold pleasance. Furthermore, British American Tobacco Malaysia ( 2010 ) states that the pharmacological consequence of nicotine - a mild stimulating consequence non unlike that of caffeine, and a mild loosen using consequence - is an of import portion of the smoke experience. Besides stated that light tobacco users tend to smoke more for societal grounds while heavy tobacco users are more likely to describe that they smoke because of the habit-forming nature of baccy.

Meanwhile harmonizing with Jarvis ( 2004 ), experimenting with smoking normally occurs in the early teenage old ages and is driven preponderantly by psychosocial motivations. For people who merely started smoke, a coffin nail is a symbolic manner of stating that they are no longer their female parent 's kid and a manner of demoing that they are mature. Childs who are attracted to this adolescent averment of sensed maturity or defiance tend to come from backgrounds that favor smoke ( for illustration, with high degrees of smoke in parents, siblings, and equals; comparatively deprived vicinities; schools where smoke is common ). They besides tend non to be wining harmonizing to their ain or society 's footings ( for illustration, they have low ego regard, have impaired psychological well-being, are fleshy, or are hapless winners at school ).

Males were more likely than females to believe that smoking makes immature workforces and immature adult females look more attractive and that smoke is a mark of being modern. However, males and females were merely every bit likely to believe that smoking helps command organic structure weight. This finding contradicts with Western surveys by Cavallo ( 2006 ), which typically report that female young person worries more about their weight and are more likely to describe smoking to command their weight than are males.

Review of Related Studies

The smoke rate for university pupils is lifting bit by bit in Turkey every bit good as the universe. Research by Cooper et Al. ( 2004 ) said that there is an addition to the rate of smoke in Turkey in which 64 % of the addition is among the workforces and 23 % of it is adult females. Abolfutuoh et Al. ( 1998 ) state 40 % of the pupils in the Education Council are heavy tobacco users and merely 23 % of the Medicine Council pupils smoke. Meanwhile, Kader and Alsadi ( 2008 ) found that most of the pupils are light tobacco users ( 50.6 % ). They besides said that pupils in the medical school tend to smoke less than their friends in other modules. Surprisingly, a survey by Kypri and Baxter ( 2004 ) said that the smoke is higher among Maori adult females than workforces, in which the adult females tend to smoke daily.

Sharker ( 2005 ) in his survey about cognition, attitude, and pattern on smoke among pupils and staff in Universiti Putra Malaysia state that 13.7 % of respondents who smoke come from pupils while 9.9 % came from the staff. He besides found that Indians and Malays were among the highest per centum due to cultural groups which comprise 12.7 % and 11.6 % severally; meanwhile, Hindus and Muslims were among the highest per centum due to spiritual group which equals to 13 % and 11.9 % severally. Harmonizing to Azlan ( 2006 ) in his survey on smoke among secondary school pupils in Kuantan, the smoke per centum was 43 %; with 63.5 % comes from males and 17.5 % comes female. This survey is rather similar to the survey done by Rapeah et Al. ( 2008 ) whereby about half of the respondents in her survey on factors act uponing smoke behaviors among male striplings in Kuantan were tobacco users ( 45.8 % ) and Malays were lend up to 53.1 %.

A cross-sectional survey of 16-year old secondary school pupils in Kota Tinggi territory reported that 29.7 % of the respondents were found to be smoking and the highest per centum of male tobacco users comes from FELDA ( Federal Land Development Authority ) countries which comprise of more than 50 %. Meanwhile, the survey done by Shahidan et Al. on smoking wonts among secondary school pupils in Kedah reported that the mean age for smoke and non-smoking groups were 16 old ages old the research has revealed that the age of onset smoke among respondents began every bit early as 13 old ages old.

Harmonizing to KaAYikci et Al. ( 2008 ), 40.2 % of the concluding class pupils at the AtatA©rk University smoked. 56.5 % from that said that they smoke to let go of tense while 24.6 % fume for pleasance. Abolfutuoh et Al. ( 1998 ) state that wonder was the chief ground for induction of smoke among pupils in medical pupils at the University College of Medicine and pupils of the College of Education. There are findings found in research by Kader and Alsadi ( 2008 ) that say the pupils smoke because it helps them to concentrate every bit good as quiet them down. They besides said that pupils smoke because they besides want to get by with emphasis and societal anxiousness. Kypri and Baxter ( 2004 ) besides stated that pupils smoke because it helps them to loosen up.

Harmonizing to Shahidan

Harmonizing to Shahidan et Al. ,  matured, attractive, and posh '' are among the grounds pupils start smoking with per centum of 70.0 %, 62.2 %, and 54.0 % severally. Meanwhile, Sharker ( 2005 ) found that the chief ground for the oncoming of smoke among pupils and staff in Universiti Putra Malaysia was " merely for merriment '' and it was comprised of 54.2 %. In add-on, Azlan ( 2006 ) revealed that the chief ground for pupils to smoke is because of the influences of friends. Repeat et Al. ( 2008 ) state that the most common ground given by the respondents for getting downing smoke was "wanted to seek '' ( 68.9 % ) followed by `` equals influence '' ( 56.1 % ). However, about 70 % of the tobacco users did non hold that they smoked because they wanted to be voguish. There are besides findings found in research by Khairani et Al. ( 2007 ) that say the most frequent grounds for originating smoke were wonder ( 69.3 % ) and peer force per unit area ( 51 % ) while emphasis ( 70 % ) was reported as the commonest ground for going only smoke followed by dependence ( 49 % ).

Kaikki et Al. ( 2008 ) stated that one of the factors that encourage the pupils to smoke is the parents of the pupils. Most of the pupils who smoke have male parents and brothers who smoke every bit good. Friends are beside one of the factors that lead to smoking won't among the pupils. These findings are rather similar to the survey by Shahidan et Al. ( 2002 ) conducted in Kedah. Their research stated that the influence of equals and household members who smoke played an of import function in act uponing pupils to smoke. Students whose household members are tobacco users are more than twice at higher hazard of smoking compared to those who are household members are nontobacco users meanwhile pupil whose equals smoke is about six times higher of smoke compared to those whose equals are nontobacco users. Lapp goes to the survey by Khairani et Al., which found that there was an important association between adolescent smoke and smoke among household members.

Sharker reported that the prevalence of smoke was associated with age, economic position, race, spiritual, household, and equal groups smoking wonts. These findings are consistent with the survey done by Azlan on the prevalence of smoke among secondary school pupils and its associated factors in the territory of Kuantan. Meanwhile, harmonizing with Lim et Al. , holding many close friends who smoke, a sibling who fumes, and low academic accomplishment was positively associated with smoke. There are besides findings found that the type of category watercourse, equals ' smoke, and attitude towards smoking were significantly associated with the respondents smoking position. Meanwhile, wonder, desire to demo off, and peer force per unit area are the chief factors that lead to the smoke won't of the pupils.

Problem Solving Essay: Cigarette Smoke

Shay Orial English 112 10am Professor Kate Belknap February 24, 2013 Cigarette Smoke Stinks Growing up many of my family members were smokers. I remember the horrible smell that stuck to their breath, clothes, and lingered around their house. It has been roughly eight years since I have smelled that nasty stench and I would like to continue to not smell these harmful fumes while here at Colorado Mesa University.

In 2006, Colorado’s Clean Indoor Air Act was passed, limiting smoking in numerous work and public places, including restaurants and bars. Millions are now free from the dangerous toxic tobacco smoke at work. However, many are still exposed to tobacco smoke where they live and learn like students at Colorado Mesa University. In the Colorado Mesa University Annual 2012 Clery Security/Fire Safety Report, it states that “the State of Colorado has a smoke free building policy and Colorado Mesa residence halls are also smoke free.

You cannot smoke within any residence hall or apartment…if you want to smoke you can only do so in designated areas outside the halls and/or apartments and more than forty feet away from the residence halls and apartments” (20). Although this keeps students that live on campus in the residence halls, or in apartments, safe from the harmful fumes inside their dorms there isn’t any rule that protects them when they are outside the campus. A solution to this problem would be to make Colorado Mesa University a completely smoke-free campus. That means smoking anywhere on campus is prohibited.

This protects the non-smokers from secondhand smoke. Amanda Talbert the author of the article The Effects of Secondhand Smoke says “non-smokers exposed to secondhand smoke increase their risk for lung cancer by 20 to 30 percent, and the heart disease risk increases by 25 to 30 percent. ” By making this school a smoke-free campus we are shielding thousands of people from numerous people. For those smokers who have to have their smoke break they would need to go off campus somewhere to smoke so that they are not contaminating the air of the students and staff on campus.

Only Allow Electronic Cigarettes on Campus

Another solution which is connected to my first is to only allow electronic cigarettes on campus but have the same regulations as cigarettes. An electronic cigarette is a substitute to smoked tobacco merchandises. Jack Stone the author of the article Electronic Cigarettes-No Smoke says “this is the best for those who have an urge to smoke regularly and also do not want to annoy the other people who are sitting near or close by or even passers-by. ” There is no nasty smell.

Stone explains “when a consumer inhales through the gadget, air flow is perceived by a feeler, which activates a heating part that vaporizes a nicotine solution amassed in the mouthpiece... the consumer must press a switch to turn on the heating part to generate vapor which is then breathed in by the consumer. ” In Stone’s article Electronic Cigarettes Vs. Tobacco he says “the only things you are forfeiting are the toxics and tar, and you will be saving a lot of funds too. ” A starting kit costs start from thirty dollars up to sixty dollars depending on which pack you want.

Stone says “nearly all electronic cigarettes are reusable devices with disposable and refillable elements. ” The refills start at fifty cents and go up to a dollar in price. Also because you are only inhaling nicotine it eliminates a lot of health risks that are present with regular cigarettes. I understand that a habit is hard to break. My grandma was a smoker for twenty five years before she quit eight years ago. However, if she was still smoking today I would recommend that she switch to electronic cigarettes. It is less harmful because there isn’t tar just nicotine and cleaner for the air.

There is no awful smell that sticks to your clothes and your body nor secondhand smoke. Electronic cigarettes benefit the smokers and non-smokers. Technology has taken over our lives in many aspects, now it’s changing the way people smoke and not affecting the people who don’t.

Tobacco Smoking Among Teenagers: Issues and Remedies

Review of the chapter one  of olusegun oladipo (thinking about philosophy) Philosophy is not easy to define because it is difficult to identify the subject matter of it, on like biology, political science and so on. Also we cannot say philosophical method, the way we talk of scientific method. But according to the preface of the book, philosophy is an intellectual Endeavour to acquire self knowledge.

Three questions comes to mind and best summarize the intellectual Endeavour called philosophy, 1) formulation or construction of world view,  critical thinking and,  the rational, but non-scientific, quest for understanding.

Philosophy as World View

These are not arbitrary statement or products of fantasy. Rather they are products of reflection and speculation, which most people take for granted in their everyday lives. According to G. Chatalian, he conceived philosophy “essentially as the pursuit of wisdom” and consequently, “the search for the guide to life. For a genuine philosopher, two things are required in this view, they are; Insight and Commitment to human well-being. Considering the handbook of Epictetus,  believing that what you have is yours and what you don’t have is on its own, you will have no enemies, life will go easy.  Do not seek life to go your own way instead let it happen as do happen and life will be easy. PHILOSOPHY

As Critical Thinking

This entails that human knowledge is always partial. If this is the case then the best intellectual attitude is that which does not take any believe or assumption for granted, but is ready to examine the grounds for the validation of a belief or opinion that is presented as being true or possible. It is this attitude that the philosophical activities of critical thinking promotes.  According to Dilthey, “the philosophic spirit” is both critical and reconstructive. Philosophers use or dominate their expertise by addressing certain questions, typically called philosophical questions.

These questions are beyond the scope of specific areas of knowledge. The primary goal of philosopher in addressing these questions is, in the manner of Socrates. Thus, philosophy is a kind of a rational inquiry that begins in doubt and ends in the generation of beliefs.  Are the two key tools of philosophy. According to A. J. Ayer’s point, language is the means to the achievement of the kind of clarity of thought without which the philosophical enterprise can hardly succeed language matters in philosophy because much of what philosophers do involves conceptual elucidation.

Logic also matters in the enterprise because much of philosophy has to do with providing good reasons for our view or positions. Secondly it is important because philosophers are generally concerns with the logical assessment of arguments. “Elevation” of mankind. The elevation as used in the context can be defined in terms of; enlightenment, open-mindedness, breading of sensibility and so on.

Also, it stimulates people to think about the basic problems of existence as they affect them as individuals and as social collectives. Philosophy has a very importance role to play in the production, clarification and propagation of the ideas and values guiding the thought and life of people. Also it promotes the kind of self understanding that would provide some basic for determining the kind of social-cultural that will enable Africans with the challenges of contemporary life.

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