Sand Dust Storm in China

Introduction

1. This report is authorized by the attending of a global conference on natural disasters. It focuses on one of the main problems of China and uses a descriptive statistical method to analyze the historical overview of global natural disasters to ascertain the influence of sand dust storm on China.

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2. Sand Dust Storm in China
3. Definition “A sand storm is basically a wind storm that carries sand through the air, forming a relatively low cloud near the ground”. “Most sandstorms occur in the sandy areas of deserts. Some occur on beaches; dry riverbeds; or deposits of gravel, sand, and silt called alluvial fans”. “Dust storms form in semi-arid and arid regions where small dust and sand particles are blown into the air”. “A dust storm may occur hundreds of miles and rise to a height of more than 305 meters. It carries as much as 875 metric tons of dust particles per cubic kilometer of air”.
4. Location Strong dust storms hit Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
5. When did it happen? It happened on March 22, 2010.
6. What caused the event? Beijing meteorological offices director GuoHu said, “This influence of Beijing's dust source is in Mongolia and in the middle Inner Mongolia region. The dust was wafted from thousands of meters altitude by the conveying of strong winds. From the perspective of meteorology, this is unstoppable climate phenomena”.
7. What areas were affected? The other areas were affected were were “South Korea, North Korea, and Japan by March 22, before being carried across the Pacific Ocean by the jet stream, with some dust reaching the West Coast of the United States”.
8. Effects and Damage of Sand Dust Storm
9. Short and long term effects “The dust storm in late March spiraled around a strong low-pressure system. Many areas recorded an extremely rare level 5 "hazardous" rating for air quality. Many flights in Beijing were also delayed or canceled. Air pollution readings in Hong Kong reached a record high, reaching at least 15 times the recommended maximum levels by the World Health Organization. Taiwan also reported a new record for worst sandstorm conditions. A strong sandstorm tore through Turpan in Xinjiang on April 23, sparking fires that killed two people and forcing a shutdown of rail and road traffic for six hours”.
10. The extent of the Damage According to the news releases of the state forestry administration desertification monitoring center, the Extent of the Damage of Sand Dust Storm affected 304 counties of 11 provinces and the air of 6 key cities were severely Polluted. The affected area is about 1. 20 square kilometers, the affected population is about 70 million people, and cultivated land area was affected more than 6. 4 million hectares, the garden area was more than 1. million hectares, grassland area was more than 65 million hectares.
11. Historic Records and Extent of effects of Sand Dust Storm
12. Historic Records of Sand Dust Storm in Beijing Sand Dust Storm does not only appear in the present times, it has already appeared since ancient times. The Sand Dust Storm has appeared since 1425 in Beijing. It normally mainly appeared in Beijing from January to April in the Chinese calendar. The probability is 83. 6%. It has appeared almost annually since 2000.
13. Main damage ways of Sand Dust Storm Firstly it is the strong wind. The strong wind uses sand and dust to destroy buildings and public facilities and cause the casualties of people and livestock. Secondly, it is sand buried. The wind-drift sand causes a lot of events they are farmland, channel, cottages, railway, and pasture were sand buried, and especially cause a serious threat to transportation. The third way is wind erosion, and the last way is air pollution.
14. Damage of Sand Dust Storm The sand dust storm mainly causes 5 results. They are ecological environment deterioration, damage to production and life, losses of lives and property, damage traffic safety, and harm to human health.
15. Prevention and Positive effects of Sand Dust Storm
16. Causes of Sand Dust storm The causes of sand dust storm might be the degeneration of grassland and vegetation and excessive reclamation.
17. Prevention The Sand Dust Storm has not been prevented yet. Beijing meteorological offices director GuoHu said,” As long as the sediment sources exist, sandstorm will not disappear”.
18. Positive outcomes from the disaster Although there is much harm to sandstorms, the whole process of sandstorms is a part of the natural ecosystem. It can slow the damage of the greenhouse effect and slow the acid rain or soil acidification.
19. The End Conclusion The sand dust storm is caused by the degeneration of grassland and vegetation and excessive reclamation. Although it is a part of the natural ecosystem, it causes lots of damages like ecological environment deterioration, damage of production and life, losses of lives and property, damage traffic safety, and harm to human health. We should try to prevent it with ways like establish a forecast system of sandstorms and improve environmental governance and environmental protection. Recommendations From this research report, we can find a natural rule that is if humans cannot protect the earth and make the ecological balance ourselves; the earth will use its own way to make the balance. But here is a problem that is normally the method of earth uses is more harmful to humans than our own way.

Reference

1. http://en.wikipedia org/wiki/2010_China_drought_and_dust_storms#cite_note-21
2. http://peng99.com/zuowen/Article/2852_2.shtml Coenraads, R. 2006.
3. Natural disasters and how we cope. Victoria: The Five Mile Press. Dirks, A. 2010.
4. Dust storm in The World Book Encyclopedia.Vol. 5. Chicago: World Book. Dirks, A. 2010.
5. Sandstorm in The World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 17. Chicago: World Book. Dr. Mars. 2010.
6. http://baike.baidu.com/view/3381041.htm (accessed November 26, 2010).
7. http://baike.baidu. com/view/2097.htm (accessed November 24, 2010).
8. Xinhua NET. 2010. Meteorological experts: as long as the sediment sources exist, Beijing sandstorms will not disappear. http://news sina.com.cn/c/2010-03-20/114119905302.shtml (accessed November 26, 2010).

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