Origins of Psychology: Major Perspectives and Theorists

Introduction to Psychology Worksheet Complete each part with 100- to 200-word responses. The word count for individual questions may vary but your responses should total 500- to 800-words for the entire worksheet. Part I: Origins of Psychology Within the discipline of psychology, there are several perspectives used to describe, predict, and explain human behavior. Describe three major psychological perspectives and name at least one leading theorist for each. Neuroscience: Views the behavior from the perspective of the scientific functioning.

How individual nerve cells are put together. how the functioning of the body affects all the self conscience and conscious for example hopes, happiness, anger, and fears. This perspective includes the study of hereditary and evolution which considers how parents, uncles, and grandparents, etc. Could influence an individuals behavior which examines how the brain and the nervous system affects one persons behavior all in one circle revolving the brains main functions. Manfred Eigen Cognitive: Studies how people understand and think about the world we live in.

The main key point is on learning how people comprehend and represent the outside world among themselves and how our ways of thinking about the world influence our behavior which can lead to the choices we make by society. Jean Piaget Humanistic: The approach of free will one persons chosen behavior when people can control their behavior and that they naturally try to reach their full potential thus maximizing their personal realization. Marc Handelman Part II: Research Methods Provide a brief overview of some of the research methods used by psychologists. Include strengths and weaknesses of each method discussed. Case studies) are in-depth investigations or studies of a single person, group, event or community. Case studies are widely used in psychology and amongst the best known ones being used in todays times. Case studies can provide great data and have high levels of authenticity of all the information collected also the participants show the most real reactions. (Interviews) informal interviews are like a casual conversation. There are no specific questions and the participant is given the opportunity to talk about whatever topics he/she feels are important and ask them in their own way. formal interviews are like a job interview.

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They are set up in the same way in a organized manner in which participants can help determine what are their stress induced activities when put on the spot light. (Questionnaires) Questionnaires can be thought of as a kind of written interview. They can be carried out face to face, by telephone like when you are talking with a clerk representative over the phone The questions asked can be open, allowing flexibility in what people want to answer when being asked specific questions, or they can be more structured requiring short answers which are straight to the point and also they can be given a list of like multiple choice questions. ll of the questions must be carefully asked due to the fact that potentially biased, or offensive questions can be misunderstood.. Part III: Ethics in Research Describe two ethical issues related to research. Why is informed consent necessary for ethical research? Informed consent: this is required for the reason that participants must be informed and have had to acknowledge everything that is going to be done in the research and case studies and must have full understanding of what will go on through at all times.

Confidentiality: this must be done for the reason that participants in some cases want full discretion of what goes on throughout the research and case studies. Failure to have all this documented could lead a dispute and possibly court actions by the participants. Part IV: The Brain and Mind Identify three major structures of the brain and their respective functions in the human body. The three main functioning areas of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata.

The most largest and most functioning area is the cerebrum, which is responsible for the consciousness. The second largest portion of the brain is the cerebellum. It actually looks a lot like a butter fly so I've read and seen on pictures and works to coordinate muscle movement in order to have both smooth and graceful execution in the brain. The third and last area of the brain is the medulla oblongata which is close to the spinal cord. It contains receptors for heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure and reflex centers for vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing.

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